Archive for May 18th, 2009

Computer Says Let’s Play Jeopardy!

May 18th, 2009 | No Comments | Source: NY Times

IBM is putting the finishing touches on a computer program that will compete against human contestants on “Jeopardy!” 

jeopardyComparing such an achievement to Deep Blue, the venerable tech company’s chess-playing program that beat world champion Garry Kasparov in 1997 is like comparing checkers to chess.

Chess is a game of simple statistical probabilities, a lot of them it’s true, and pieces with clearly defined powers.

“Jeopardy!” presents more daunting challenges for computers, which must weigh nuances of language including double entendres, puns, and analogies faster than Ken Jennings on crack.

The machine has been dubbed Watson in honor of IBM founder Thomas Watson. It is the culmination of a 3-year project involving a team of 20 with expertise in language processing, information retrieval and machine learning.

“The big goal is to get computers to…converse in human terms,” said David Ferucci, an AI scientist and the team’s leader.

alextrebekIn the contest, Watson will receive questions as electronic text, whereas the human contestants will, as usual, see the question and hear it spoken by host Alex Trebek.

Watson will use a synthesized voice to respond and select follow-up categories.

It will not be connected to the Internet during the contest, instead rendering answers from text that had been processed and indexed in advance.

kenjenningsHarry Friedman, the show’s executive producer, indicated he might invite Jennings to carry the flag for humans.

In 2004 Jennings won 74 consecutive contests and collected $2.5 million along the way.

In prepping for the contest, Watson will have stored a large chunk of the Web as indexed by Google, but it’ll mean nothing if the machine can’t understand the context of each clue.

For example, the sentence “I never said she stole my money” can have seven meanings depending on which word is stressed.

“We love those sentences,” Eric Nyberg said. “Those are the ones we talk about when we’re sitting around having beers after work.” The computer scientist from Carnegie Mellon University is on the development team.

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Backpedaling on Cost Containment

May 18th, 2009 | No Comments | Source: NY Times

That didn’t take long.

onestepforward2backJust 3 days after the Big O appeared to make serious hay out of last Monday’s announcement that key health care stakeholders were steppin’ up to save 2 trillion or so in future health care costs, reps from providers and insurers threw a bushel of thumb tacks on the road.

The Coronated One had hailed their cost-cutting promise as historic.

“These groups are voluntarily coming together to make an unprecedented commitment,” Obama told the New York Times. “Over the next 10 years, they are pledging to cut the rate of growth of national health care spending by 1.5% each year, an amount that’s equal to over $2 trillion.”

Not so, say the reps, who clearly caught an earful from their constituencies after the photo op. They claim to have agreed to cool off spending more gradually and never did they sign up for specific year-by-year cuts.

“There’s been a lot of misunderstanding that has caused a lot of consternation among our members,” Richard Umbdenstock told the Times. And the president of the American Hospital Association added that he’s “spent the better part of three days trying to deal with it.”

visionaryleadertackleshealthreformTo make matters worse, Nancy-Ann DeParle, the director of the White House Office of Health Reform, then pulled a John Kerry by saying “the president misspoke,” and then saying “I don’t think the president misspoke. His remarks correctly and accurately described the industry’s commitment.”

Karen Ignagni, president of America’s Health Insurance Plans remembers reaching consensus around the concept that savings would “ramp up” more gradually than what Obama had said.

And for his part, David Nexon, an EVP of the Advanced Medical Technology Association recalled that “there was no specific understanding” of the pace with which savings would be achieved.

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